National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month in March is a time dedicated to education, prevention and early detection of one of the most preventable yet deadly cancers. Recent news has reminded us of just how real this disease is for people of all ages and backgrounds.
The entertainment industry recently mourned the deaths of beloved actors: James Van Der Beek, who died at age 48 after a battle with colorectal cancer, and Catherine O’Hara, whose death certificate listed rectal cancer as an underlying cause alongside a pulmonary embolism. Their deaths underscore that colorectal cancer doesn’t just affect older adults but can claim lives unexpectedly and tragically. Their stories highlight why understanding screening, prevention, symptoms and treatment matters now more than ever.
Dr. Mihir Brahmbhatt, a board-certified gastroenterologist with Seton Harker Heights, shares five things to know about this important topic.
1. Why is colorectal cancer screening so important?
Colorectal cancer often develops slowly over many years, usually starting as small growths called polyps in the colon or rectum. The key benefit of screening is that we can find and remove these polyps before they turn into cancer. Screening can also detect cancer at an early stage, when it is much easier to treat and survival rates are significantly higher. In fact, colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable cancers with proper screening.
2. At what age should people begin screening, and what tests are available?
For individuals at average risk, screening typically begins at age 45. However, those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease or certain genetic conditions may need to start earlier. Common screening options include:
- Colonoscopy (every 10 years if normal)
- Stool-based tests (such as FIT or stool DNA tests) annually or every 3 years
- CT colonography every 5 years
Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard of testing because it allows us to detect and remove polyps during the same procedure.
3. What lifestyle changes can help prevent colorectal cancer?
Several lifestyle factors can significantly reduce risk. These steps not only reduce colorectal cancer risk but also improve overall health.
- Eating a diet high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains
- Limiting red and processed meats
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding smoking
- Limiting alcohol consumption
4. What are the common symptoms of colorectal cancer?
Early colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms, which is why screening is so important. When symptoms do occur, they may include:
- Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation)
- Blood in the stool
- Persistent abdominal discomfort
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue due to anemia
Anyone experiencing these symptoms should consult a healthcare provider promptly.
5. What does treatment for colorectal cancer look like?
Treatment depends on the progression of the cancer. Early-stage cancer may be treated with surgery alone. More advanced stages may require a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or targeted therapies. Thanks to advances in treatment, survival rates have improved significantly, especially when cancer is detected early. That’s why screening truly saves lives.
Mihir Brahmbhatt, M.D., is a board-certified gastroenterologist who practices at Seton Harker Heights Gastroenterology Clinic. To learn more or to schedule an appointment, click here or call 254-618-1020.